Effect of the Human Utilization of Northern Snakehead (Channa argus Cantor, 1842) on the Settlement of Exotic Fish and Cladoceran Community Structure

Empirical studies suggest that changes in the density of top predators, such as carnivorous fish, freshwater food webs, strongly affect not only fish communities but also various primary and secondary consumers. Based on these findings, we explored how differences utilization (i.e., Northern Snakehead, Channa argus) by humans affected cladoceran community structure well settlement exotic species Lepomis macrochirus Micropterus salmoides) 30 wetlands located upper lower reaches Nakdong River. Our results show mid–lower River, C. argus was low, while high densities L. M. salmoides were observed. Exotic are frequently consumed argus, leading to a low reaches, which supported argus. However, because frequent collection fishing activities. The dominance significantly changed communities. mainly feeds pelagic species, increasing epiphytic reaches. continued induced stable structures consumers wetlands. frequency has be reduced secure biodiversity will reduce proportion increase conservation native fish.